Monday, July 20, 2015

Using GIS for landscape archaeology


Sam Turner, Jim Crow, “Unlocking Historic Landscapes: Two Pilot Studies Using Historic Landscape Characterisation” in Antiquity 84(2010): 216 – 229


This article explains how GIS is being used to recreate historic landscapes and to analyze and interpret their development.  Historic Landscape Characterisation (HLC) is the term for “mapping landscape with particular reference to its historic character and development”.  The archaeologists in this example are using GIS to explore two locations in the Aegean, focusing on field systems and how they evolved over time.

Recently there has been a shift to focus less on either of the two prevailing approaches to the study of past, present and future landscapes - economic/functional or social/symbolic, and instead to look at “multifunctionality”.  HLC uses satellite images, aerial photography, and historic maps to “map, analyze, compare and contrast the perceptions of a wide range of people working within the landscape” using GIS.

HLC is not new, but in the past data storage had been an issue when working with such large projects.  GIS provides a solution, allowing a range of map sources, the ability to adjust scale, and the analysis tools which enhance interpretation.   With GIS, features of the historical landscape at a particular period are bundled together, creating visible groupings and patterns that characterize that period.  It is possible to do retrogressive analysis, and to add explanatory text connected to a database.  Also, GIS is flexible and adaptable to projects and research questions of any size or topic.

The two examples of the use of GIS in HLC in this article are from Greece and Turkey.  In Greece, the fields are terraced, and modeling can expose patterns of land use over time.  In Turkey, coaxial fields were used, and again, maps show a chronological progression of land development.

I chose this article for this assignment because it is along the lines of a project I’d like to put together once I’ve learned enough to do it. 

 

 

 

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